The Great Depression And Harsh Weather Conditions During...

The United States experienced both the Great Depression and harsh weather conditions during the 1930’s causing Americans to suffer through extreme hardship and impoverishment. Many of the migrant farmers were bankrupt, destitute, and struggled to survive. Photographer and photojournalist, Dorothea Lange, captured the dangerous conditions migrant workers and their families endured through her photograph, Migrant Mother. The photograph not only displays a woman and children suffering, but also reveals the determination and willpower the woman had to provide for her family. When initially looking at the iconic black and white photo, one sees a woman and two children. After closely examining the image, one sees the third child, an infant, being held by the woman.The woman is not looking directly at the camera, but the audience is able to see her gaze. The woman’s eyebrows are furrowed causing her face to appear as worried with a look of desperation. Looking more meticulous ly at the woman, one will notice that she has a slight frown. The woman is able to show her stress by using her right hand to pull down slightly on her face. Aside from the woman, there are three children in the photograph. Two of the children are facing away from the camera with their heads rested on the woman’s shoulder. The third child is an infant who seems to be sleeping while this photograph was taken. The woman and children in the photo are migrants that are trying to survive the Great Depression andShow MoreRelatedA Picture Can Tell Us1186 Words   |  5 Pagescan tell us a thousand words and ways to show us our history. Photographers have been moving many of american s deeply and helped support the new deal legislation from sharecroppers, farmers and migrant workers. Dorothea Lange, Walker Evans, Carl Mydans, Marion Post Wolcott, Ben Shahn, Russell Lee, Arthur Rothstein, and John Vachon, were all photographers, during The Great Depression, who wanted to show the government what the world had become. Every single person that is named in this backgroundRead MoreFarming During The Great Depression1210 Words   |  5 PagesZahler History 20 November 2015 Farming During the Great Depression There were many factors that caused the Great Depression. But one of the main causes of the Great Depression was the farming conditions. Before the Great Depression life was great! The American life was starting to get better and better. But In the early 1930 s soil was reduced to dust and eroded, because of drought and improper farming practice. This period of long, stressful farming conditions was known as the Dust Bowl. It led toRead MoreThe Great Depression 1051 Words   |  5 PagesFormer President Calvin Coolidge said, â€Å"In other periods of depression, it has always been possible to see some things which were solid and upon which were solid and upon which you could base hope, but as I look about, I now see nothing to give ground to hope- nothing of man† and to some extent it was true. Americans lost all hope in life entering a deep dark tunnel with no light in the end. The Great Depression was not something that appeared out of thin air; it grew over time like a tumor andRead MoreHistory Of Bretton Woods System And Jamaica1436 Words   |  6 PagesHISTORY OF BRETTON WOODS SYSTEM AND JAMAICA BRETTON WOODS SYSTEM The Bretton Woods System was formed as a result of the collapse of the Golden Standard and The Great Depression. These closely related events prompted the need to establish an international monetary system, whose main aim was to revive the economies of the Post World War as well as fostering international economic relations that would end inter-war conflicts. Furthermore this historic event took place in July 1944 in New Hampshire wherebyRead MoreBlack Voices : The Harlem Renaissance1587 Words   |  7 PagesBlack Voices: The Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance was a movement that climaxed during the 1920s. It was a movement North by African Americans, who had lived down in the rural South. Taking place in major cities such as New York City, Chicago, Detroit, and Pittsburgh, the industry of the Blacks boomed. The Harlem Renaissance took place when the Blacks showed a longing for equality amongst the Whites and many similar events. The â€Å"National Association got the Advancement of Colored People†Read MoreFeminism In To Kill A Mockingbird754 Words   |  2 Pagesï » ¿Feminism In To Kill a Mockingbird To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, is an ideal display of feminism that takes place during the period of depression in the south. It portrayed the two kinds of women found in the south during this time, the women who were pro the feminist movement, and the average Southern women. Sadly some women mistakenly rebelled against the ideals of society, by just being themselves. Men and women were to conduct themselves as ladies and gentlemen, were men were expectedRead MoreGene Sequencing : Genes And Genes1596 Words   |  7 Pages GMO plants are altered to resist disease, survive harsh weather conditions, or survive off less water. Some fish can be engineered to glow in the dark, and scientists can use bacteria to produce large amounts of insulin for diabetic patients. The knowledge gained gene sequencing has a myriad of potential benefits. Genomic sequencing will allow scientists to better understand the genetic causes of chronic diseases and rare genetic conditions. It may result in new or more efficient treatments forRead MoreSymbolism in The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck Essay2308 Words   |  10 PagesWrath by John Steinbeck Through such hardships as the Depression, the Dust Bowl summers, and trying to provide for their own families, which included the search for a safe existence, we find the story of the Joads. The Joads are the main family in John Steinbecks novel The Grapes of Wrath, which he created to give voice to the hundreds of families that found themselves at their absolute rock bottom during the Great Depression of the 20th Century in America. It wouldnt have been enoughRead MoreThe View of American Society in the Depression Years in Steinbecks Of Mice and Men4450 Words   |  18 PagesThe View of American Society in the Depression Years in Steinbecks Of Mice and Men ‘Nobody ever gets to heaven, and nobody never gets no land’, says Crooks to Lennie. This quote was said by Crooks to Lennie, when Lennie was inside Crooks bunk and he started talking about the dream that he had with George. Crooks was arguing that the dream will never come true, that he has seen it allot and it never happens, â€Å"I see hundreds of men come by on the road an’ on the ranchesRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 PagesTopic Four – World War I TOPIC ONE – USA 1919-1941 USA 1920’S * the radio age * felt like istory had turned a corner and never going back * stock market * black Thursday November 24 1929 * the jazz age * a speakeasyyyyyyy How significant were the Republican policies in causing the great depression? The significance of the republic policies were great, they brought a lot of growth in the 20’s allowing the market to strive over lots of trading and the purchase

Managing Behaviour in a Learning Environment Essay

Managing and Responding to Behaviours in a Learning Environment Task 1 – The Context of Behaviour Issues i. Describe and discuss the aspects of national legislation which have relevance to behaviour in the learning environment. (300 words) There are a number of legislative acts that impact on the learning environment and cater for both learners and staff in any institution. The following Acts: Special Educational Needs and Disability Act (2001); Race Relations Act (1976) and Race Relations (Amendment) Act (2000); Racial and Religious Hatred Act (2006) and the Equality Act (2006) essentially set out that there should be no discrimination against any person on the grounds of race, sex, disability, sexual orientation, religion†¦show more content†¦All the policies can be accessed by tutors through the service website. Recently the service published a handbook for tutors aimed at supporting the induction process. Whilst it clearly sets out the roles and responsibilities of the tutor it does not mention any of the policies and procedures that have been drawn up by the service and how they can be accessed. Learners should receive a copy of the student charter when they begin a course and depending on the tutor they either receive a copy of the WAES class rules or work as a group to establish the rules for their own particular class. The handbook does talk about punctuality and attendance. It states that, â€Å"WAES, the SFA and Ofsted all expect a commitment to attendance and punctuality from our learners.† (WAES, 2010:14) It suggests that tutors firstly find out why a student may be arriving late or attending poorly, which shows an awareness that our students are adult learners and often have other commitments. However, recently tutors were reminded that it is their legal responsibility to complete the register on-line within the first 15 minutes of the class starting due to Health and Safety guidelines. Clearly this can create a possible tension; on the one hand the tutor is asked to be understanding of aShow MoreRelatedManaging Behaviours in the Learning Environment1570 Words   |  7 PagesUnit 9 – Managing behaviours in the learning environment 1. Identify a range of behaviours that you have encountered when delivering learning in different learning situations. Provide an analysis of the impact of those behaviours on others and yourself, with particular reference to the impact of learning. Making reference to relevant reading, review factors which may influence the behaviours that you have identified. I could argue that some Trainees don’t realise or know they are behaving inappropriatelyRead MoreManaging and Responding to Behaviour in a Learning Environment2433 Words   |  10 PagesManaging and responding to behaviours in a learning environment Use your experience of teaching as a source for describing a range of behaviours and analyse their impact on learners learning. The Education and Inspections Act 2006 brought in new clear-cut legal powers for schools and for those working within them when they are dealing with the behaviour and discipline of pupils. This includes promoting good behaviour and programmes of reward and recognition, as well as dealing effectively withRead MoreManaging and Responding to Behaviours in a Learning Environment3327 Words   |  14 PagesMANAGING BEHAVIOURS IN THE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT TETA : 1029 TASK 1 Case Study IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING BEHAVIOUR Case Brief The case I would like to address in this assignment is based on one of my 2009/2010 NC classes in the afternoon. Despite the initial group discussion on expected behaviour, this group was demonstrating a whole host of disruptive behaviours. This group also included a special needs student, who was being supported by a Learning Support Assistant, whom I assumed hadRead MoreThe Effects Of Self Efficacy On Behavior Management Strategies ( Giallo Little 2003 )1269 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironment and parenting made them believe that had little or no control and this contributed to them having a lower sense of self-efficacy in behaviour management strategies (Giallo Little 2003). Pearce (2009) did a study on what it means to be an inclusive teacher, they found that in relation to behaviour management and disabilities, inclusive teachers accept responsibility for all class members and have a continuing goal to improve their behaviour management skills. Being aware that a disabilityRead MoreMaintaining A View Of All Pupils At Any Given Time1031 Words   |  5 PagesMaintaining a view of all pupils at any given time can be difficult for a class teacher, especially when deciding on seating arrangements for different tasks, as the seating plans must be appropriate to enhance learning but also allow for a good view of all the children to ensure good behaviour management. Wheldall and Lam (1987) suggest that children are better seated in rows than in groups as this allows for the teacher to have a good view of the entire class and the pupils have less opportunity toRead MoreBehavior Management Within A Classroom824 Words   |  4 PagesChallenging inappropriate behaviour posed by children nowadays is one of the most daunting issued faced by teachers. Few matters affect teachers more directly and persistently than managing classroom behaviour (Jim Docking, 2000). Being able to manage a classroom I found is one of the most fundamental as pects in being able to teach today. Through this critique I will investigate the different studies relating to behaviour management within a classroom, looking pacifically at several behavioural issuesRead MorePsychology and Young People Essay1551 Words   |  7 PagesName________________________ Assessment Plan 304 Promote children and young people’s positive behaviour Evidence requirements | Complete() | 1.Signed completed assessment plan (in plastic wallet) | | 2.Review of City and Guilds | | 3.Discussion with Assessor | | 4.Completed assessment form | | 5.Reflective journal | | 6.Checklist signed and completed | | Assessment plan issued date by: | Assessor:Learner: | Date: | | Assessment plan submission plan agreed by: | Assessor:Learner:Read MoreThe Role Of The Teacher s Managing Behavior With Reference Too, Teacher Pupil Relationships And The Way They878 Words   |  4 PagesBehaviour stems from children actions and decisions, adults use discipline to help children make appropriate decisions about their behaviour (Hayes, 2009). This assignment aims to focus on the role of the teacher in managing behaviour with reference too, teacher-pupil relationships and the way they impact both positively and negatively on individual children, learning through reinforcement/rewards and how they influence children to behave in a particular way, rules and structure in order for childrenRead MoreManaging Challenging Behaviors Within Classroom Management976 Words   |  4 PagesManaging challenging behaviours in our classroom continues to be as one of the most challenging problems in education today. Conte (1994, p.308) mentioned, If teachers, administrators, parents, and students acknowledge that the lack of discipline is a serious concern and interferes with the teaching-learning process, one would think that steps would be taken to remedy the problem.† Today s classrooms are more complicated than in the past. Discipline is now known as classroom behaviour managementRead MoreStudy of Organizational Behavior and the Effective Management of People948 Words   |  4 Pagesthese factors. Like all modernist social sciences, organizational studies seek to control, predict, and explain. Management - is the act of managing a group of people, as in getting people together to accomplish the businesses goals and/or objectives; this includes, planning, organizing, leading and directing a team of people, resources, etc So in managing people, you want to be as effective and efficient as possible in order to reach your desired goal/objective. To be efficient and effective

Marx, Weber, and Rousseau Free Essays

The establishment of modern society is tied closely to the common line of thought expressed by modern thinkers like Marx, Weber, and Rousseau. These men all had complicated ideas in regards to the formation of modern society, but they all addressed certain aspects of that development. They all focused their studies on human nature and specifically, how human beings came to live out some of the goofy ideas that are now commonplace. We will write a custom essay sample on Marx, Weber, and Rousseau or any similar topic only for you Order Now Among those was the important premise of personal property. Modern human society places a great deal of importance on gaining things and this is something that is certainly not new. In fact, it has been around since very early on. Even more important than the material possessions is the actual strife to gain these things, which human beings seem to take great solace in. The overriding characteristics of modern human society can be closely tied to the theories presented by these famed thinkers. They hold similar ideas on how society developed as a result of the acquisition of personal property, and from those ideas, one can quickly gather insight about the overall development of modern society. Marx had his own ideas on personal property that have become something of a resource guide for other thinkers and government formers alike. Karl Marx is a highly misunderstood figure among the American public, because most people are quick to associate him and his ideas to communist ideals. Even though many of his theories were eventually used to found communist nations, it cannot be denied that Marx was a brilliant economist and well rounded thinker. Marx had his own particular opinions on personal property and the accumulation of wealth and he was not shy about sharing those ideas with other people. Marx found capitalistic society to be something that was destined to fail for a few reasons. In his writings, he indicated the price based competition in business would force small businesses out of the mix and would eventually lead to lower wages for people, as big business controls the activity. Marx was not completely right about a lot of his theories in regards to modern society, but he did hit the nail on the head on a few things. Marx had strong feelings on the issue of private property as it relates to the development of a society. He was always of the opinion that human nature was a drastically shifting thing, but it stood strong on a few different foundations. Human beings might change their feelings on a lot of things, but according to Karl Marx, they would never stop with the striving to work hard for their possessions. Work, to Marx, was a much more important aspect of society’s underlying nature than the actual possessions that come as a result of that work. That is why much of Marxism is based upon the theory of work. People in society can not survive without it, even if they have the possessions that they desire. According to Marxism, people will always want to acquire more things than they already have. That is why work is so important to the development of society, in addition to acquiring things in society. Though Marx and fellow thinker Max Webber do not completely agree on the issue of personal property, they do share many of the same underlying beliefs on its role in the development of modern society as it is known today. While Karl Marx held onto the belief that possessions were not the end all for people in modern society, Max Weber felt strongly that they were an important part of what he referred to as The Spirit of Capitalism. Anyone who has studied the thoughts of Max Weber knows that much of his theory is based upon religious things. To him, they played an important role in the shaping of modern society in addition to the economic factors that were so prevalent. That creates a very interesting paradox in his line of thinking. Most of the time, the pursuit of material possessions did not go along with the pursuit of religious purity, but that thinking had to change when modern society was considered. People, on the whole, could pursue both things and they did that in modern society. The Spirit of Capitalism is the most important ideal in Weber’s book and it possesses the basic premise of a pursuit. People did not just desire the goods and the economic wealth; they desired the pursuit of such ventures. That particular wording of the theory brings it closer in line to what Karl Marx wrote about in his literature. It is interesting to consider that over time, Weber’s theory evolves from what he originally thought. As he becomes much deeper in his research of certain aspects of capitalistic society, he understands that religion does play a role in forming how people go after their economic goals, but it is not the only thing. Overriding that religious aspiration is the fact that modern society is a highly competitive place that will chew up people and spit them out if they are not careful. At some point, instinct takes over and individuals have to look out for their own good as opposed to doing the right thing and keeping with Protestant values while going after economic gains. An interesting comparison can be drawn between Weber and Marx when one considers their theory on the development of the modern world and how material possessions played a role in that. According to Weber, the most important way that possessions had an impact was that they caused people to do things that they normally would not do. Weber thought that the desire to work for material possessions took people completely out of their element. In a way, society changed the way that people worked and the way that people dealt with their friends and their family. Human beings, by nature, only want to do just enough to get by and just enough to have the things that they need. When personal possessions are out there to be had, people change their ways, though. Marx believed this to be true, as well, though he does not apply the basic religious principles in his thinking that Max Weber is so quick to apply. On the other hand, Marx always held on to the idea that material possessions changed the way people viewed the world. When faced with the prospect of having to make one’s own success in a capitalist society, people had the tendency to change their world view and make it meet their current situation. For some, this created a false sense of security and a false sense of reality. When people have their world view flipped on its head, it changes the way that they deal with other people and it changes the way that they make decisions in forming a society. Marx enjoyed arguing that Capitalism and the desire for possessions changed the way governments operated and the way that nations were formed. This basic premise is not wrong, as it has certainly bared itself true in many situations over the last one hundred years and change. Another important economic thinker that cannot be left out of the equation is Jean-Jacques Rousseau. He was a man who liked to come up with theories on the basic inner workings of human beings and how they think at a most basic state. His early research was on this fact and later, he came to develop ideas on the development of society. Rousseau makes a point in writings to analyze the role that personal property had on the development of human beings and as such, the development of modern society on the whole. In the beginning, man was content to operate on two basic premises. Human beings would do enough to ensure self-preservation and they would ultimately operate as a result of pity. Those were two basic ideas that eventually had to change as human beings learned to live together in a modern society. Then there was something different introduced into modern society. Someone decided that human beings must take possession of land and other things in society, as the entire dynamic had to change. All of a sudden, the things that were required for basic survival of human beings went from being just air, food, and water to being much more complicated than that. In fact, people had to learn to work in order to keep up with others in society and get the possessions that they learned to covet. That was not the whole of it, though. Human beings not only had to learn to love work in order to sustain themselves personally, they also had to learn to do enough work to sustain the whole body of society. This is an important idea and an important aspect of work that thinkers like Marx and Weber also kept in mind when they were writing down their particular policies. For Jean-Jacques Rousseau, people were not the only ones who were forced to change as a result of the introduction of private property into the equation. Society as a whole had to change to allow for the differences between human beings. Society became much more regimented and things became much more complicated than they had ever been before possessions played a role. In the early days of human society, the biggest and strongest individuals did all of the talking because they had all of the power. Now that possessions were necessary for survival, work became just as necessary. As Marx had mentioned in his writings, the desire to gain possessions was just as important as the material possessions themselves. Therefore, the smart and the shifty were now the people who were put into control. They instantly became more important than the strong folks that used to have complete control over society. That created a society that was broken down into two parts. The society that comes about as a result of private property is one that has a distinct class system. There are the haves and the â€Å"have nots†. Those with the land, money, and possessions are the ones who can impose their will on the people who are not lucky enough to have this type of control. According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau, it takes the rich people with the possessions a little while to figure out that they have such power, but when they do, the results are somewhat catastrophic to society as a whole. The moral implications of this type of control are also worth keeping in mind. For the first time, people with the good things in life do their best to start deceiving the people without property. This is the first time that society begins to eat itself alive for the sake of personal property gain. For all three of these theorists, the connection between personal property and human inequality is a strong one. As mentioned before, Rousseau felt that when personal property became important for human society, people began to establish classes and the smart took over where the strong had once been in control. He felt very strongly that personal property was the cause of many of the ills of society that had not originally been in place when society was first being formed. Marx, on the other hand, did not have this strong of a feeling on the matter because his research and his theories were mostly based upon economic principles. He did feel that capitalism was destined to fail because the system would eventually collapse upon itself. Instead of people simply doing enough work for their own personal survival, people started doing work to gain more things than the person next to them. This important theme is one that turned society into a cut throat one. There was now a desire for people to get ahead of their neighbor when there was no other reason to do so. Max Weber understands that the search for new possessions and the ability to work for those things is an extremely important part of the development of society. Human nature is always shifting, so this was just one thing that eventually caused people to compete with one another. In one sense, it was bound to happen, but the creation of a class system happened more quickly because work and possessions came about in the newly forming society. The development of human society cannot be considered without also looking at the development of personal property and work. As Weber, Marx, and Rousseau brought to light in their research, society took a turn when personal property was introduced into the equation. Some felt that this change was for the worst, while others felt that the change was for the good, but it cannot be argued that personal property did nothing to the formation of modern society. When people realized that work and personal property were things that they had to do in order to survive, they began to work just as hard as they ate and just as hard as they breathed. Human nature is such that people will do whatever it takes to survive. That survival moved to include work and because of that, modern society changed in a profound way that no one could easily escape. How to cite Marx, Weber, and Rousseau, Essay examples

Truman’s Decision To Bomb Japan In World War II †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Trumans Decision To Bomb Japan In World War II. Answer: Introduction: The bombs were developed by and with the supervision of Dwight D. Eisenhower, Douglas McArthur, William Leahy and assistant secretary of war John J. McCloy. The two bombs were dropped on two cities of Japan Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9 in 1945, respectively. Apart from the indelible scar that the bombs had left on the human history, there has been a long history of bombings. The focus of this essay will be the decision of bombing the Japanese cities and whether it was made with a view to end the long term hostility between the two nations and make Japan surrender to the US and its allies in Second World War. Discussion: There is a long debate regarding the bombings. Erstwhile American president Truman, within two weeks of being sworn in as president, was informed by Stimson, who were the secretary of War at that time, that within four months the most dangerous weapon would be ready for use (Herken, 2014). However, Truman was not of the opinion of using the bombs. Even the scientists in the Manhattan project were divided between a camp that wished to use the bombs to use where it is most effective and to have a military demonstration in Japan. (Reed, 2014). American government also tried to assure Soviet Russia that Germany will not make a solid comeback into the war. The military surrender of Japan was necessary at this point in the war in order to consolidate the powers of Western nations. Secondly, Trumans decision was indirectly affected by previous president Roosevelt legacy that states unconditional surrender of the enemies to end the war. On May 8, 1945, as Germans surrendered unconditionally, Americans desire for total victory in the pacific were growing more intense. Even the two nations, America and Japan were having extreme racial hostility towards each other. Many Americans were led to believe that the Jaspanese emperor Hirohito was the reason behind Japan launching an aggressive war against enemies. Japanese also embodied a true Japanese spirit into emperor Hirohito. In mid-July of 1945, Truman met British secretary Clement Attlee and Soviet leader Josef Stalin in Postdam conference, to ensure Soviet participation in the war against Japan and to rebuild the future of Europe with the knowledge of successful testing of the bomb in New Mexico desert prior to attending the conference (Selden Selden, 2015). Finally, Truman, Attlee and the nationalist government of china declared the result of Postdam conference that announced that Japan will face utter destruction unless they surrender (Messer, 2017). Historians have had differing views both in support for and against the decision. Some revisionist historians argued that the Americans wanted Japan to surrender before Soviet could make entry into the pacific war. Andrew Rotter argued that Truman wanted to save American lives as well as win the battle against Japan without minimal loss. Thomas Zeiler concluded in the chronicled of post-bombing brutality that the bombing was done out of military reasons rather than political reasons (Prados, 2013). Historians also feel that the bigger shock and total surrender from Japan was observed not by the bombings, but when Soviet declared a war against Japan two days after the bombs were dropped (Wilson, 2013). Japanese historian Yuki Tanaka said that Soviet would destroy the age-old imperial system and execute the royal family. A survey revealed that 85% among the American citizens were in support of the bombings (Messer, 2017). Although the percentage of Americans dropped to a much lower number at present, only the older people now stick to their opinion in support for the decision. Americans were fearing the aggressive Japanese military actions and both the countries were hostile towards the others race. Professor of History in Harvard University, Charles Maier argued in an interview that it would have been very difficult for Truman to justify the prolongation of the war, which would have brought a great number of casualties to the American soldiers and citizens alike, when he was already aware of the nuclear weapon at his disposal. President Truman can never be dismissed as impatient in taking his decisions. He had explored every option at his hand before declaring the ultimatum against Japan. On the other hand, pressure was building in the military situations in both the camps. President Truman did what he could do to secure the lives of the American citizens. Conclusion: Million lives were lost within a few days of the two bombings. Lingering radioactive effects of the nuclear bombs on Japanese people caused lifelong incurable diseases. Regardless of the unavoidable circumstances leading to taking the decision to bomb, as has been discussed above, the lives of half million innocent Japanese were put in permanent misery. Although America successfully ended with a victory over the Pacific war, the common peoples miseries were unbearable and haunt them till date. References: Herken, G. (2014).The Winning Weapon: The Atomic Bomb in the Cold War, 1945-1950. Princeton University Press. Messer, R. L. (2017).The End of an Alliance: James F. Byrnes, Roosevelt, Truman, and the Origins of the Cold War. UNC Press Books. Prados, J. (2013). Of Spies and Stratagems.A Companion to World War II, Volume I II, 482-500. Reed, B. C. (2014). The Manhattan Project.Physica Scripta,89(10), 108003. Selden, K. I., Selden, M. (2015).The Atomic bomb: voices from Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Routledge. Walker, J. S. (2016).Prompt and utter destruction: Truman and the use of atomic bombs against Japan. UNC Press Books. Wilson, W. (2013). The Bomb Didnt Beat Japan Stalin Did.Foreign Policy.

Aids in Lesotho, Africa

Table of Contents Origin of HIV/AIDS Facts about HIV/AIDs Ways through which the Virus is transmitted AIDS in Lesotho, Africa Effects of the demise Interventions Works Cited Origin of HIV/AIDS The illness came into the limelight in the early 1980’s; since then it has caused havoc and stress while scientists have been struggling to find out where it came from. There are several theories that have been advanced to try explaining the origin of the vice with no certainty still realized. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Aids in Lesotho, Africa specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Several arguments have been provided since the 80’s. Despite the facts surrounding the origin of the vice, a wide variety of stakeholders have been blamed for the start and fierce spread. The question, which still remains unanswered, is where the origin lies (Review of Hiv and Aids-Related Initiatives and Activities in Lesotho 44). First case to be recorded of AIDs presumptions were in the United States in the early 1980’s. It was detected among a number of gay men who began developing common ailments at the time with common symptoms. The ailments recorded seemed stubborn and highly resistant to the treatments administered and this aroused suspicion among the scientists. The problem came when the ailments could be registered in a common form among the men though, at the time, the name AIDS had not been devised for the scourge (National Aids Strategic Plan 2002/2003-2004/2005: A Three-Year Rolling Plan for the National Response to the Hiv/Aids Epidemic in Lesotho 68). Human Immune Deficiency Syndrome was later on discovered though a number still could not comprehend and understand the link that could exist between AIDS and HIV just as majority have still refused to realize the real nature and impact of AIDs even after research has proved so. The origin of HIV has as well been explained usi ng several developed theories. The earliest known form of the virus was detected from a blood sample of a man in the Democratic republic of Congo, but the means with which this man got the virus is mystery up-to-date. The virus in the sample was identified as HIV-1 and it’s recorded to have branched from a sole virus in early 1950’s. The advanced by scientists for the virus before being renamed as HIV was HTLV-III and this was done by a bench of international scientists (A Travel Survival Kit 30).Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Facts about HIV/AIDs HIV is a lethal virus which if left untreated, damages the cells of the body hence weakening the immunity of the body. Once the immunity of the body is weak, it becomes highly susceptible to a variety of opportunistic diseases. HIV has never been a cause of the deaths realized from AIDS since its role is only to provide an avenue through which other diseases can enter the body and cause disease. AIDs is said to have infected an individual when more of the infectious diseases are diagnosed in the body of an individual. Though the scourge is a killer disease, it is in record that people have lived longer productive lives even after acquiring the virus and this is attributed to the fact that one has to admit infection if diagnosed and immediately embark on medication. Ways through which the Virus is transmitted There have been several rumors on the ways through which the virus is spread but the sure ways that have been on record entail the following. The body fluids such as semen, vaginal fluids, semen and blood widely spread the virus and this takes place in the most likely event that two people of which one is infected engage in sexual intercourse (Behaviour Change Communication in Lesotho: National Behavior Change Communication Strategy, 2008-2013 106). The infection can also be trans mitted if piercing instruments are shared and among the people sharing them, one or more are infected. To small extent careless blood transfusions have been made through which the virus is spread but this way has been minimized due to the advent of proper blood screening methods and safe transmission methods. AIDS in Lesotho, Africa Africa as a continent, is composed majorly of developing and less developed countries. These countries faced several challenges since they are agriculturally based and agricultural products do not fetch higher prices in the world market. As a result of these economic downturns, such economies suffer even social evils like crimes and diseases. Political leadership in these countries is still composed of highly greedy individuals hence corruption deprives the society of the few resources that they could use in solving their social woes. Lesotho being one of these countries, faces similar challenges, which is propagated by the fact that equipment both in f orm of facilities and infrastructure that are essential components of an economy, are still lacking in such economies. The HIV AIDs situation in Lesotho therefore takes the form described below. Lesotho is one of the countries in the sub Saharan Africa with the highest prevalence rate of HIV infections in the world. In fact, the prevalence is higher at a percentage of 28.9% compared to that of the whole of the sub Saharan region combined which is a mere 7.5%. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Aids in Lesotho, Africa specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More People who are recorded to be living with the virus as per 2008, was about 720,000, a ratio being about 3 people out of every 10 adults. The vice is widely established in the country and has resulted into highly damaging effect to the lower level income economy hence exposing the country to further retarded development achievements. The government though not s o successful, is trying up and down through formation of agencies and develops programs that facilitate the fighting of the vice. They have since intervened by forming a strategic plan which started operations in the year 2005; again, they have the Lesotho Aids program coordinating Authority (LAPCA) to handle programs that are geared towards suppressing the demise. The formation of the National Aids Commission (NAC) was geared to link ways through which the government comes in responses to discourage the vice (Anderson 203). The first casualties of the virus in Lesotho were detected in the year 1986 after which several were followed. In 2003 Lesotho had a record number of 320000 of people living with the virus, the number has grown tremendously and in 2008 it hit the highest record of 720,000 infected people with the deadly virus. The HIV/AIDs prevalence in Lesotho has a record of holding the third position in the world at 26.9% and over three times the prevalence in the sub Sahar an region combined. Globally the prevalence rate stands at 2%. Due to HIV/AIDs high death rates have been recorded with 29,000 deaths recorded in 2003 alone and a progressive increase recorded. The period which an individual expects to live in Lesotho is approximately 40 years. In Lesotho, HIV/AIDs spread is mainly through heterosexual sexual intercourse, the population also engage into early sexual activities which is propagated by the fact that the society supports early marriages. Other factors include high mobility of the demography hence the spread is at its highest (Maw 12). Among the highly infected people among the population are the women whose rate stands at 57% of the adult population in Lesotho who are living with the virus. The women are highly vulnerable due to several reasons that are as follows, the women lack economic power and hence depend on their male counterparts to satisfy their economic needs. This turns the women into a crop of beggars which exposes them to a risk since they are at the mercies of the same males. The anatomy of the women and corrosions cause easier acquisition of the virus as compared to men. Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The other group that is highly infected with the virus in Lesotho is the youth aged between 20-29. In this category these are still women that are hard hit, it is recorded that among the young population alone the number of female youth that is infected, is twice that of male youth. The other factors that fuel this are early marriages and culture which forces women to be submissive to their men in everything. Other culture makes the men dominate the scene i.e. the culture of polygamy or the one which makes the man the head of the family and hence the man is the one who makes the major decisions in the family affairs (Ntsekhe 77). Children in Lesotho are not left out, they are either affected or infected. This is because if they escape being born with the virus due to technological advent, they cannot escape being orphans after their parents are long dead with the scourge. The statistics of orphans in Lesotho in 2003 was recorded to be 100000 children with 22000 children infected wi th the virus. The prevalence is equally spread in the whole of the country almost in equal measure but highest in urban areas where the intensity of antisocial activities is at the helm. The spread is even higher in workers who keep moving from place to place as compared to those who are stagnant at a point. These enormous figures are as a result that in Lesotho due to the low levels of development and low education as well as awareness standards, misconceptions are widespread while at the same time people still don’t want to come to the reality that the virus is real and that it kills. The infected also do not receive the right treatment from the society making them die early due to stigmatization hence high prevalence. Ignorance and lack of exposure is a great contributor to this since people do not understand that one can be infected yet look so healthy at the early stages. Effects of the demise The devil has widespread effects and it major affects the economy and the ed ucation sectors. The economy is affected both in terms of the resources that are diverted to help solve the problem; the disease deprives the economy of valuable resources which could have been directed in other productive sectors of the economy. The demise also steals expertise which would otherwise contribute to the economic development through innovative ideas and influx of human capital into the economy for industrial growth. Education sector is the one which has received a major blow; the resources injected in schools are no longer enough due to the ever increasing number of orphans that the available resources can no longer support. Therefore, poor quality performance of the teacher is realized lowering the general education standards of the country. Interventions The government has devised several ways to help control the spread and the impact of the killer disease. Among the major ways are looking for donor funding to supplement the meager government resources and stage a fi ght of the disease. The government has initiated educative programs through the government channels of the radio and televisions. The citizens are also enlightened and educated through the staged advocacy. The international community has also welcomed themselves in the fight through donations and grants. The United Nations has developed several interventionist measures to help in supporting activities that mitigate the spread of HIV/AIDS thereby controlling the prevalence of the pandemic disease. The UN has put a spirited fight to combat the deadly disease. Several programs have been institutionalized to help create awareness about danger of HIV/AIDS including promotion of the voluntary counseling and testing. The knowledge of the condition is perceived to be helpful in helping the people to manage there condition and lead a positive life. The organization is also making several efforts to enable people to fully understand the mode of spread of the HIV/AIDS such that they can mak e more informed choices to avoid the spread of the disease. HIV has been found to have much more prevalence and incidence in the developing countries than the developed-poverty; it is known to be the accelerating factor (Ntsekhe 89). Works Cited A Travel Survival Kit. Pennsylvania: Lonely Planet Publications, 2008. Print. Anderson, Cooper Dispatches from the Edge: Memoir of War, Disasters, Survival. :. Hanoi: Publisher Harper Paperbacks, 2008. Print. Behaviour Change Communication in Lesotho: National Behavior Change Communication Strategy, 2008-2013. Maseru: Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, 2008. Print. National Aids Strategic Plan 2002/2003-2004/2005: A Three-Year Rolling Plan for the National Response to the Hiv/Aids Epidemic in Lesotho. Maseru: Government of Lesotho, 2005. Print. Ntsekhe, Potlako. Aids Epidemiology in Lesotho. Maseru: Mosby Elsevier, 2000. Print. Maw, Moe Aung. Aids Epidemiology in Lesotho. Maseru: STD/HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Programme, Disease Co ntrol and Environmental Health Division, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, 2000. Print. Review of Hiv and Aids-Related Initiatives and Activities in Lesotho. Harare: Southern Africa HIV/AIDS Information Dissemination Service, 2003. Print. This research paper on Aids in Lesotho, Africa was written and submitted by user Lawrence O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Pros and Cons if “Sonny’s Blues” has a Different Ending Essay Example

The Pros and Cons if â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† has a Different Ending Essay Example The Pros and Cons if â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† has a Different Ending Paper The Pros and Cons if â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† has a Different Ending Paper Essay Topic: Pros and Cons The Sonny’s Blues novel of James Baldwin has a very fundamental and decisive ending. The scene of the ending is in the jazz club where Sonny, brother of the undisclosed narrator in the story, is one of the musicians. The narrator agreed to with his brother to the club which he prejudged as full of darkness not beneficial and favorable to his brother. Sonny has an addiction to heroin which made him more distant to his brother because the narrator wants his brother to have a good life. This good life he is speaking of is like his life where he sees all things under idealistic view. But in this ending, the narrator learned to â€Å"listen† to his brother about his addiction. If the ending could have been different, one of the pros behind is that the message of the story could have been different. The symbolisms and the idioms within the story will relate different notions to different readers. There is also the possibility that the impact of this novel to the literature world could have been different as well. It may lead to a more famous James Baldwin if it turned out better or an average Baldwin because this novel has been the beginning of James Baldwin recognition in the literature world. There is also the possibility that the scope of readers it covers is wider aside from the depressed and anguished. The impact could have been better if the ending is revised in a different way as long as the continuity of thoughts of the story must not be disintegrated or disengaged. The original ending is very â€Å"pro† in relation to the whole story because it reveals and bares the degree of changes in the narrator’s life and view. This is further emphasized through a flashback of the narrator’s last conversation with his mother where his mother warned and requested him to hold onto his brother and to not let him fall no matter what is happening to his brother and no matter how evil he gets to his brother. She told the narrator that he might get evil to his brother many times but he must not forget what his mother told and requested him (Baldwin, 2002). Without thinking, the narrator made a promise to his mother that he will not allow anything to happen to Sonny. Her dying mother smiled because she was amused of the innocence behind that promise. Through the ending in the jazz club where Sonny was on stage playing and the narrator met his brother’s friends, fellow musicians, and patrons, he saw the appreciation they had to Sonny in a way the narrator is never was to his brother. The narrator starts to appreciate, recognize, and realize the importance of jazz and blues music to Sonny. Instead of aiming and forcing Sonny to fit and adapt to his world, the other way around, he was in Sonny’s world or rather his kingdom were he grasp that n this world flows a royal blood in Sonny’s vein compared to his. The narrator analyzed that jazz music was his brother’s and other artists’ way to express their agony, suffering, and fear instead of being addicted to heroin. What then plays in Sonny’s music was his life along with other artists’ lives. The misery and distress of the brothers from the beginning of the story and how they struggled to handle these problems made them different. The narrator handled it through keeping it within himself like an ice that made it all hard for him. Thus, he even considered Sonny’s struggles as his own that made him cautious anytime if Sonn y’s addiction will come back. Compared to Sonny, he is strong enough to face the reality of his problems and faced them through his music to release it. This final scene further exemplifies the tragedies that befell his parents, the death of the narrator’s daughter of polio, and sorrow of his wife which are the other highlights of the story as well. The narrator was touched with the music and felt its power that let him faced his pain right then. On the other hand, one of the cons if the ending could have been different is the possibility that the impact to the readers of the novel might be towards the negative side. There is also the possibility of discontinuity of thoughts of the story. If the style of the ending would be changed too, the impact of the story and its purpose is diverted or changed. But with the prowess of Baldwin in writing, even with a different ending this might not occur.

Supervision in the Criminal Justice Field Essay - 2

Supervision in the Criminal Justice Field - Essay Example These groups administer and monitor the proceedings of the criminal justice system (Dike, 2012). However, when these groups manage, assist, monitor and supervise the criminal justice system, there are more chances that they will achieve their goals quicker and more efficiently. Thus, if the criminal justice system stakeholders supervise effectively, it is bound to bring a social and ethical impact on the system. Criminal justice system deals with highly unethical people who have violated someone’s rights and thus are in great need to be under rehabilitation facilities and therapies. The social and ethical aspect of these criminals’ lives is very important which is why the goal of the supervision and management committees is to impact these aspects positively and advance the criminal justice system (Kalinich, 2011). The criminal justice stakeholders may include a number of people who are required to administer the complex system. Good management and supervision in a system is always effective for the ones who carry it out and the ones for whom it is planned. Criminal justice system is one of those systems where supervision is not only difficult but also very important. The criminal justice system deals with the criminals who need proper supervision in accordance to their crimes. Those criminals who are involved in serious crimes such as rape and murder need intense supervision which ensures that they are protected from the other members of the society and that they are provided rehabilitation to improve their social and ethical behaviour (Schroder and Lombardo, 2012). The criminal justice system management takes place by the many people involved in the process of management for betterment. The positions in the criminal justice system are that of police officers, law enforcement agencies, parole officers and other people who work for the management and supervision of

Finance analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Finance analysis - Essay Example The ratios will provide variants that will reflect any changes during the year covered. Variants are problems that need the attention of management. Ratios are also meaningful when compared with the closest competition to see relative position of the company Limitation of the study is that 2009 annual report of Easy jet is not yet available. a. Government regulations. Falle, della Gonzrague, et al (2004) said in their report that the airline industry in UK has always been filled with restrictions to protect their own airlines. For instance, the airline industry in UK is protected by regulations of the European Union and that of bilateral agreements entered into by the British government with other countries. Bilateral agreements put tariff protection on their products and are barriers for foreign entry. The globalization and liberalization have invited competition to the airline industry in UK. In UK, the airline industry players are the flag carriers, independent airiness, franchises and charters. Flag carriers are either state-owned or designated carriers and enjoy privileges from the government. Independent airlines are Ryan Air, Easy Jet, Aer Lingus and British Airways. Each of these airline companies has a market share of airline passengers in UK . Even in economic crisis, air travel remains to be an important factor in everyday life of everyone. Air travel spurs the economy by bringing in international investment trade and tourism, and is therefore very important in the globalization movement of industries The Airline Industry report stated air travel in the past decade grew by 7% per year wherein travel for business and leisure grew strongly worldwide. Airline travel is dependent on the growth of economy, as in the years of recession; the industry is not spared... Several analysts agree that the airline operations have experienced hard times during the past years of 2007 an 2008 As a result of the slow travel

Violence by Gilligan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Violence by Gilligan - Essay Example Violence by Gilligan How do we react to violence or a violent individual or group physically hurting us or other members of our society? Dr. James Gilligan, author of ‘Violence: Our Deadly Epidemic and Its Causes’, using his experience of over 35 years in dealing with prisons and the criminals of violent crimes, explains how instrumental our perceptions and reactions to violence are in eliminating it. The concept of a harmoniously balanced society with ‘no violence’ is a resultant of mutual care and support between the members of that society (Duen Hsi Yen). This emanates from respect for each other, the absence of which internally hollows the structure of a society even though it may be apparently working harmoniously. The effects of this hollowing can be witnessed in the increasing violent crime rates, even in countries with efficient crime control agencies like the FBI and Department of Justice in the U.S. This implies a critical analysis of the different theories of Violence. The earliest theory by the founder of the field of Psychoanalysis, Freud himself, declares that violence is but a natural impulse in all human beings. But the first hand experience of Dr Gilligan with violent criminals reveals the opposite. Violence is caused rather than natural, and society may very well be one of its major causes. In his description of the different perceptions of violence and their affects, Gillian identifies three categories of reaction towards violence; pathos, moral plays and understanding violence as tragedy.

Value Chain At Siemens Wind Power Commerce Essay

Value Chain At Siemens Wind Power Commerce Essay Siemens is a world-class service provider with over 30 years of experience in providing high quality services with superior safety principles. Based on this significant knowledge, a flexible range of service solutions have been designed for both onshore and offshore projects, to optimize the output of wind turbines throughout their lifetime. The purpose of the Service Department is to repair damaged main shafts of the wind mills. The range of operations in the service department can be divided into two main categories: On-site repairmen and substitutions of the damaged or broken main shafts. At Siemens Wind Power the service department in many cases is prioritized down in the organization because it is costing the company money, and not really generating any money. The service department it just building up inventory, and havent run since January 2009. So we decided to take a look and make a analysis of their value chain to have a overview of the current situation and to see if there are any problems which need solving. A value chain is a chain of activities for a firm operating in a specific industry. A value chain typically consists of inbound distribution or logistics, manufacturing operations, outbound distribution or logistics, marketing and selling, and after-sales service. These activities are supported by purchasing or procurement, research and development, human resource development, and corporate infrastructure. We used the Value Chain framework of Michael Porter from the strategic management book because it breaks down the activities of the organisation into its many parts. Contribution of each part can be analysed for its contribution to the total value added by the organisation. Afterwards this can be used to see where to put in the effort and make improvements. The goal of these activities is to offer the customer a level of value that exceeds the cost of the activities, thereby resulting in a profit margin. Primary Activities: Inbound Logistics : Includes receiving, storing , inventory control , transportation scheduling They have a safety stock in Denmark in Tinglev that consist 5 pieces of each component and in USA they have the safety stock in Huston and consists 10 pieces of each component. The safety stocks are enough to cover demand of 35 days according to their forecast. Production capacity is 30 turbines a week of the 2.3 and 4 a week of 3.6 and they have 60.000 components. Process when a part is broken: Demounting the defect shaft and then can be transported directly to Brande, or through the regional Headquarter and then mount it. Then it is send back to Fabriksvej and repaired and then to Tinglev, where it fills up a container, which consists of 2 main shafts. Lead time of one year of main bearings from the assembly department. Operations: Includes machining, assembly, equipment maintenance. The Costumers have to make the foundation, electricity and have the infrastructure. They are only buying turbines, costumers has to know for themselves the weather conditions etc. A wind mill costs approx. 18 mio. DKK for turbine without SLA. Siemens promises in the SLA that the windmill is running 95 % of the time. But it is actually running 97% of the time. Siemens fulfill the customers service contracts through the SLA (service level agreements) which is made in corporation with the customers. They have a Monitoring department that can see if the main bearing gets too hot and then switch it off and in the UK have their own monitoring departments but sometimes it brakes when it is turned on again. Siemens can monitor the costumer without the SLA, but dont, because they didnt pay for the service. Only if the customers want it later, they can start monitoring them. Outbound Logistics The activities required to get the finished product to the customers: warehousing, order fulfillment, transportation, distribution management In the past Siemens faced a problems with higher demand than expected and couldnt deliver spare parts to the customer because of low safety stock levels there were a demand for 10 in UK because they were broken down, but Siemens only have the safety stock of 5, which is not sufficient but also keeping a high level of safety stock is also not good because it takes lots of money to keep components in the stock. Siemens is not prioritizing the service department regarding the suppliers when they need to share capacity on old components, broken components or new components. When it is new components, the service department forecast a year ahead, to meet the demand. Siemens in order to reduce variability in demand and increase flexibility in order to meet the demand they try to build a corporation with the service regions; USA, Germany Uk to get a forecast from them at least 4 months ahead. Further they ask the regions to have service materials on stock, so they dont get to many urgent orders. There is also a safety-stock in USA, which covers the demand for 35 days. From this they are making forecasts to their suppliers, for them to be able to plan their capacity, they use Delta forecasting and using Delphi method compared with failure rates. The forecasts are updated every month by the demand management department. Marketing and Sales: The activities associated with getting buyers to purchase the product. The Siemens service headquarters is located in Brande, Denmark for both onshore and offshore services. In order to optimize knowledge transfer and customer value globally,  regional service centers have been established. These  main offices are  located in: The United States of America Singapore and Germany. In an effort to stay close to the customer in the  complex European region, the heart of the wind industry, smaller offices  are also  set up  in: The United Kingdom Spain, Germany and Denmark. They get the most revenue of selling turbines .The markets are Europe, USA and Asia Pacific . Onshore is not growing in Europe, but in the USA and New Zealand it is expanding. Siemens are the best wind turbine manufacturers they offer high quality and good service for the ones who are willing to pay for it. Their windmills are running 97% of the time, compared with Vestas ´ windmills, which are running under 95 % of the time. Brand name Siemens and with the history of bonus they are adding value to their product. The service department crew is adding value when there is a problem with the customers windmills. The service department has a monitoring department which monitors the windmills all the time. Service The activities that maintain and enhance the products value, including customer support, repair services, installation, training, spare parts management. The Costumers have to make the foundation, electricity and have the infrastructure. They are only buying turbines, costumers has to know for themselves the weather conditions etc. A wind mill costs approx. 18 mio. DKK, for turbine without SLA. Siemens promises in the SLA that the windmill is running 95 % of the time. But it is actually running 97% of the time. Siemens fulfill the customers service contracts through the SLA (service level agreements) which is made in corporation with the customers. They have different types of SLA ´s to meet the costumers needs. When a windmill breaks down, Siemens takes the part back and replaces it with a new one. Siemens Service department repairs the broken part, and then sell it again to another customer, 40 % of the sights (customers) are buying the long term SLA. Only in the service department; the costumers who pay more for SLA, get service first. 70 % want service, only pays 40 % for the quick lead time. 30 % dont want service, but can buy spare parts. In the service department there are two main categories of operations: The first type of repairment is taking place on-site by service teams, send out by the service department in Brande, or by one of the regional headquarters in Houston, Germany or in the UK. On-site repairmens are taking place when the detected problem is a minor damage that can be fixed without removing the main shaft, and when the repairment can be done within the scope of the service level agreement. This means that the turbine has to be up and running again within one week. The second type of repairment is when Siemens is facing a more serious damage that cannot be fixed on-site then the service department calls for a repaired main shaft from the safety stock, to use as a substitute for the operating and damaged main shaft. The regional headquarters are responsible for planning and execution of the arrangements needed to do a successful changeover of the main shaft. The teams which are send are trained especially for this operation, and the dissembled shafts are then transported to Denmark, where the repairment is taking place. Technicians and monitor regions are responsible for telling if they have the new shafts. They communicate to the service department to supply new parts. When it comes to repairing the wind mills Siemens has to face a seasonality. In the winter is not possible to fix any problems in the field thats why Siemens is trying to fix as much mills as they can before winter in October and November. The second pick period is after the winter when mills not repaired before winter need to be fixes as soon as possible in March and April. Support Activities. Procurement Procurement of raw materials, servicing, spare parts, buildings, machines. When a part breaks down within the 2 years; first it is sent from supplier to Siemens in Tinglev, and sold, then to the suppliers when it is broken, where it is renovated, then back to Tinglev and then to the new costumer who buys it. First when it goes to the supplier it is seen if it is better to scrap or renovate. After two years, you evaluate if it should be send to suppliers or renovate it yourself? They sell them as renovated parts for 80 % of the price.The supplier is out of the corporation with Siemens after 6 months if there are problems with the supplier. They have good suppliers which are flexible. At least 2 suppliers on each part. Suppliers have to pay if the turbine is down, if it is their fault. Many suppliers are owned by Siemens, on the main parts. Blades, gearboxes etc. They have stock in USA and in Tinglev, to supply with a new component, when broken down. Suppliers: Spain for main bearing. Normark are for shafts. Stockgos Germany, bearing houses Most parts from Europe are from suppliers but they dont have that many suppliers in the USA. So have to build up a supplier network. Siemens has the most expensive turbines and best quality. They are selling service in the US and they have a service facility but no repair.If the parts are under guaranty the supplier will supply a new part or a renovated part. The hours the technicians use will be paid by the supplier. For the most parts Siemens are able to renovate themselves. Technology Development Includes technology development to support the value chain activities, such as Research and Development, Process automation, design and redesign. Thanks to process technology developed by Dr. Gerald Hohenbichler (44), steel manufacturers can now save energy by processing metal in continuous strands. Hohenbichlers groundbreaking solution enables molten raw steel to be rolled immediately after casting, reducing a mills energy requirements by as much as 45 percent. Siemens Energy has installed the first prototype of a newly designed direct-drive wind turbine. The new SWT-3.0-101 DD is a gearless turbine with a power rating of three megawatts (MW). Its rotor has a diameter of 101 meters. The prototype was installed near the Danish town of Brande, where Siemens Wind Power headquarters is located. The intelligent, straightforward design of the turbine makes gearboxes unnecessary. The new turbine will officially be launched in 2010. Human Resource Management The activities associated with recruiting, development (education), retention and compensation of employees and managers. They have a new strategy; they are now finding the costumers themselves, because of the financial crisis. Siemens has already fired 400 workers in Brande and 200 in Ã…lborg. Siemens training centers offer thorough training programs to ensure that all service personnel are trained to our stringent safety and quality standards. Training centers are located in: Brande, Denmark Bremen, Germany Newcastle, UK Houston, United States. Firm Infrastructure Includes general management, planning management, legal, finance, accounting, public affairs, quality management, etc. Peter Là ¶scher, President and CEO of Siemens AG. The firms margin or profit then depends on its effectiveness in performing these activities efficiently, so that the amount that the customer is willing to pay for the products exceeds the cost of the activities in the value chain. It is in these activities that a firm has the opportunity to generate superior value. A competitive advantage may be achieved by reconfiguring the value chain to provide lower cost or better differentiation. Now that we have an overview of Siemens Supply chain we observe that they are facing some problems. We have received information regarding the possibility of investing into a new regional service department in the states which in our opinion might prove to be a very good answer to the problems that they are facing now and since the USA market is expanding for Siemens, a local risk hedging service department may indeed benefit the company. A service department who would communicate with the current service regions and the new found production plant in the USA. Having a repair department in the U.S would cut down the transportation and handling lead times and costs. The profitability for the service department and Siemens as a whole would be to reduction of inventory costs, because the inventory will be reduced in the service department of broken shafts, when it starts running again. There would be a reduction in transportation costs; severely if they implement a service department in the US, and namely if they optimize the flow in Denmark. It will also reduce the capital bindings in defect components which are in the service departments inventory. Also a good idea would be built up a supplier network in the USA because most of the parts come from the European suppliers. Choosing the right supply chain strategy Once the production plant and service department are build they need to have a right supply chain strategy which prepares them for the new business challenges and opportunities. A simple but powerful way to characterize a product when seeking to devise the right supply chain strategy are the two key uncertainties faced by the product which are demand and supply. Demand uncertainty is linked to the predictability of the demand for the product. In order for Siemens to choose the right strategy they have to follow some steps in order to understand what is going on with their supply chain. A first step would be to figure out what time of product are they selling functional products or innovative products .Functional products are ones that have long product life cycles and there for stable demand, while innovative products are products that have short life cycles with high innovation and fashion contents as we can see clearly, different supply chain strategies are required for functional versus innovative products. Functional products tend to have less product variety than innovative products, where variety is introduced due to the fashion-oriented nature of the product or the rapid introduction of new product options due to product technology advancements. Demand for functional products is much easier to forecast, while demand for innovative products is highly unpredictable due to the differences in product life cycle and the nature of the product, functional products tend to have lower product profit margins, but the cost of obsolescence is low; whereas innovative pro ducts tend to have higher product profit margins, but the cost of obsolescence is high. A second step would be to choose their supply chain characteristics. A stable supply process is one where the manufacturing process and the underlying technology are mature and the supply base is well established. An evolving supply process is where the manufacturing process and the underlying technology are still under early development and are rapidly changing, and as a result the supply base may be limited in both size and experience. In a stable supply process, manufacturing complexity tends to be low or manageable. Stable manufacturing processes tend to be highly automated, and long-term supply contracts are prevalent. In an evolving supply process, the manufacturing process requires a lot of fine-tuning and is often subject to breakdowns and uncertain yields. The supply base may not be as reliable, as the suppliers themselves are going through process innovations. While functional products tend to have more mature and stable supply process, that is not always the case. There ar e also innovative products with a stable supply process. Demand Uncertainty Reduction Strategies Only through information sharing and tight coordination can one regain control of supply chain efficiency. Sharing of demand information and synchronized planning across the supply chain are crucial for this purpose. Supply Uncertainty Reduction Strategies Free exchanges of information starting with the product development stage and continuing with the mature and end-of-life phases of the product life cycle has been found to be highly effective in reducing the risks of supplier failure. So a good idea for Siemens would be to form a supplier hub in the USA operated by a third-party logistics company which would manage the replenishment and inbound logistics of the parts and materials to a warehouse (known as the supplier hub) which would be in close proximity to the Siemens plant. The inventory at the hub would be owned by the suppliers. The use of the hub will allow the suppliers to have much better information about Siemens needs and consumption patterns of their parts as well as about the inventory in transit. This will result in a more effective management of inventory replenishment and inbound logistics by the suppliers thereby reducing the supply uncertainties for Siemens. Supply Chain Strategies Some uncertainty characteristics require supply chain strategies with initiatives and innovations that can provide a competitive edge to companies. These strategies can be classified into four types: Efficient Supply Chains: these are supply chains that utilize strategies aimed at creating the highest cost efficiencies in the supply chain. For such efficiencies to be achieved, non-value-added activities should be eliminated, scale economies should be pursued, optimization techniques should be deployed to get the best capacity utilization in production and distribution, and information linkages should be established to ensure the most efficient, accurate, and cost-effective transmission of information across the supply chain. The role of the Internet in this case is that it enables the supply chain to have tight and effortless information integration, as well as enabling production and distribution schedules to be optimized once the demand, inventory, and capacity information throughout the supply chain are made transparent. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Risk-Hedging Supply Chains: these are supply chains that utilize strategies aimed at pooling and sharing resources in a supply chain so that the risks in supply disruption can also be shared. It is therefore a risk-hedging strategy. A single entity in a supply chain can be vulnerable to supply disruptions, but if there is more than one supply source or if alternative supply resources are available, then the risk of disruption would be reduced. A company may want to increase the safety stock of its key component to hedge against the risk of supply disruption, and by sharing the safety stock with other companies who also need this key component, the cost of maintaining this safety stock can be shared. Such inventory pooling strategies are quite common in retailing, where different retail stores or dealerships share inventory. The Internet plays a key role in providing information transparency among the members of the supply chain that are sharing inventory. Having real time information on inventory and demand allows the most cost-effective transshipment of goods from one site (with excess inventory) to another site (in need). Responsive Supply Chains: these are supply chains that utilize strategies aimed at being responsive and flexible to the changing and diverse needs of the customers. To be responsive, companies use build-to-order and mass customization processes as a means to meet the specific requirements of customers. The customization processes are designed to be flexible. Order accuracy (i.e., accurate specification of customer requirements) is the key to the success of mass customization. Again, the Internet has enabled very accurate and timely capturing of highly personalized requirements of customers as well as fast transfer of order information to the factory or customization centers for the final configuration of the product. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Agile Supply Chain: these are supply chains that utilize strategies aimed at being responsive and flexible to customer needs, while the risks of supply shortages or disruptions are hedged by pooling inventory or other capacity resources. These supply chains essentially have strategies in place that combine the strengths of hedged and responsive supply chains. They are agile because they have the capability to be responsive to the changing, diverse, and unpredictable demands of customers on the front end, while minimizing the back-end risks of supply disruptions. Given the different nature of demand and supply uncertainties of different products, different supply chain strategies are needed for different products. The Right Supply Chain Strategy Innovative Products with Evolving Supply Processes Companies with innovative products and evolving and unstable supply processes have to utilize the combination of risk-hedging and responsive strategies. The appropriate strategy here is to establish agile supply chains. Demand and supply uncertainties can be used as a framework to devise the right supply chain strategy. Innovative products with unpredictable demand and an evolving supply process face a major challenge. Because of shorter and shorter product life cycles, the pressure for dynamically adjusting and adapting a companys supply chain strategy is mounting. Using the Internet to develop agile supply chains with information sharing, coordination, and postponement has enabled companies to compete successfully in their market places. The challenges are great, but so are the opportunities. To be continued today

Great Expectations by Charles Dickens :: Great Expectations Essays

Great Expectations by Charles Dickens Chapters 1-3 give you a feeling of welcoming. The first three chapters aren't just comical but in some places they are edgy. The humour makes it enjoyable to read and the apprehensive situations make you want to read on to see what happens. Right from the beginning Dickens has aroused the readers interest. The story is told in First Person Retrospective Narrative. This enables Dickens in the early chapters to re-create the child's eye view whilst fusing it with adult judgements. ================================================================== Instantaneously we know that it is wrote in First Person Retrospective Narrative because of the use of the pro-noun "I". The main character "Pip" is introduced straight away and we find out his situation. Pip introduces himself and tells you a brief background on himself. He explains where he got his name from and that his sister has been a mother type figure to him as all his brothers and parents are deceased. ====================================================================== "MY FATHER'S family name being Pirrip, and my Christian name Philip, my infant tongue could make of both names nothing longer or more explicit than Pipà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦--I am indebted for a belief I religiously entertained that they had all been born on their backs with their hands in their trousers-pockets, and have never taken them out in this state of existence." ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Pip laughs at his own childish inexperience as he pictures his parent appearance just from the tombstones. By the third paragraph he has already established the setting - marshland (Desolate Area). He tells us what time it begins at - Twilight. (Anxiety already created). "On a memorable raw afternoon towards evening." We already suspect something to take place. The convict enters suddenly and Pip is startled. Quick exchanges between the characters gives a tense feeling. The convict steals Pip's bread and scoffs it as if he hasn't had anything to eat for some time. Chapter 2 opens with Pip's naivety setting in again as he describes

A Study on the Relevance of Punctuality, Completeness and Accuracy

A Study on the Relevance of Punctuality, Completeness, Accuracy and Conformance to Requirements in the Architectural Profession Abstract:The Architectural Profession is God-like. Being a professional, an Architect is known as a designer of his world. Basically he is trained to design, to plan and to construct buildings and human settlements. The practice of an architect, where architecture means to offer or render professional services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings, that have as their principal purpose human occupancy or use.A central issue in architectural profession is time management and work ability of an architect. The researcher noted all the basic ethics of an architect. Being punctuality is one of the basic. Architects are professionals who deal with professionals most of the time. Time is always of the essence. You have to transact at the agreed time always. Any dela y caused on your part is an inconvenience to the other party. Completeness and accuracy ethics can be performed at work with full of effort. Completeness and accuracy make the design perfect. Conformance to requirements is also indeed part of the basic ethics of an architect. Accompanying material: HR Profession MapConformance to requirements is the capability to follow all existing laws or decrees that were designed or enacted to serve the welfare of the majority. In conforming to requirements, an architect assures the safety of life and property involved particularly in architectural designs. It all boils down to professionalism. Keywords: Professionalism, punctuality, completeness, accuracy, architecture, ethics, conformance, creator, capability, relevance. Introduction The UAP (United Architects of the Philippines) Architect’s National Code Document Series 200 entails the code of ethical conduct.It includes the architect’s responsibilities in relation to the people, to his clients, contractor, manufacturers, dealers and agents, relation to his colleagues and subordinates. These responsibilities cannot stand to an architect unless he has moral values, passion, confidence and respect to the career he chose. But what is a name without a goo d attitude? The architect should know the importance of punctuality so that his work will be presented on the appointed time. His services should meet the necessity of his client; it ust be complete, accurate and conform to the requirements. 1 Objectives * To study the Importance of Punctuality, Completeness, Accuracy and Conformance to Requirements in Architectural Profession. * To know what are the right ethical conduct in Architectural Profession. 2 Methodology This study made use of the descriptive method. * To gather information through internet, books, media about the developing an understanding of professional ethics. * Personal interview with the architects who have been practicing the architectural profession and ask questions about the study. Output * To be able to pass a term paper about the Study on the Relevance of Punctuality, conformance, accuracy, and conformance to requirements in Architectural Profession. * To be able to form conclusions and recommendations about t he topic. Content 1. Professionalism and Ethics Architectural education should begin with students developing an understanding of professionalism and ethics. a. To students, develop the punctuality by attending the lectures in college on time; or at least on the learning stage. b.A curricular framework that recognizes the importance of a broad education including general studies, architectural studies and electives. c. Knowledge of the diverse needs, values, and behaviours that characterise different cultures and the implications of this diversity on the community roles and responsibilities of architects. d. Legal principles and ethical issues in practice. 2. The Architect’s Code of Ethics a. I shall work with this general objective – which my duty is not only to myself, but also to my Country and God. b.I shall uphold the ideals and follow the norms of conduct of a noble profession and endlessly endeavour to further its just ends. c. I shall humbly seek success not th rough the measure of solicited personal publicity, but by industrious application to my work, strive to merit a reputation for quality of service and for fair dealing. d. I shall ask from all, fair remuneration for my services while expecting and asking no profits from any other source. e. I shall hold the interest of my Client over and above any self-interest for financial returns. f.I shall exercise my professional prerogatives always with impartially and disinterestedness. g. I shall avoid any private business investments or venture which may tend to influence my professional judgement to the detriment of the trust placed upon me. h. I shall inspire by my behaviour the loyalty of my associates and subordinates and takes upon me the mentorship of the aspirants to the profession. i. I shall confine my criticisms and praises within constructive and inspirational limits and never resort to these means to further malicious motives. j.I shall dedicate myself to the pursuit of creative endeavour towards the goal of enlightened Art and Science, generously sharing with colleagues, friends and strangers alike the benefits of my experience and experiments. 3. The Importance of Punctuality Figure 1 A white businessman in a suit, holding a briefcase and sticking out from an arm of a cuckoo clock upon the hour of 9am, symbolizing punctuality. Punctuality is the most important habit that people need to develop. It’s a great virtue to be present on the appointed time. A punctual person is always one step ahead of others.Frequently when a person say plan work and work plan. But if you don’t start your work promptly, how can you become a better person in your life? According to Arch. Alexander Timbang(2011), â€Å"–you have to manage your time, don’t let time manage you. Be on time always. † When at work, to give time for a meeting or a site visit and not to be present there on time creates a bad impression. It should be the other way. An a rchitect shall be so particular about the time that others around you shall be alarmed about it. An architect must take note the possible time required to travel along the street. You must start on time.Don’t be use giving unreasonable excuses when you are late. It’s a bad habit. If you are late just say, â€Å"Sorry for the delay†. To avoid uncertainty and to be punctual, a diary habit will help a lot. If the meeting was cancelled or postponed it should be announced in advance not at the last minute. To avoid overlapping of the appointments, you must check your schedules on your diary, so you can give time to other appointment. Just give enough time gaps between the two successive appointments. * How to be punctual in work: a. Be considerate Think about how you would feel if someone else was late at your expense.Realize that it makes you look unreliable, even though you may be only a little late. If you are always waiting on someone, don’t try to figure out how you can be later than her/him. Use the time instead to read a book or something. b. Finish things early leave as little as possible to be done in the morning, you will be groggy then and everything you do will take longer than normal. If there were things you couldn’t finish in time the night before make a list of them and put them somewhere you can see quickly as you are getting ready in the morning. c. Put a clock everywhere unless you are in the habit of wearing and looking at wristwatches every now and then, having a clock at all your rooms helps you keep track of time. You can put alarms on your clocks so it goes off every half an hour or something, to let yourself know how much time is passing by and working accordingly. d. Set ahead your time – if you are a little late for everything you do, setting your clocks a few minutes ahead is a good idea. It’s up to you how much you set it ahead by, I know someone who has it ten minutes ahead. If it comes to a point where setting the time ahead isn’t working anymore, just change it again.You can set events earlier in your calendar too, schedule any projects due to be finished a day or two earlier than the actual due date. e. Prioritize – if you are running late, stop and think, for just a few seconds, what must be done now and what can be done later. This puts your tasks in priority and is a good way to organize and find time to do the things you need to without sacrificing time. It’s refreshing to get things done in time. When we know we are going to be late, we always think about it, or at least have it at the back of our thoughts. Once you get in the habit of doing things timely, you feel more reliable at yourself.It feels like a burden has been lifted off of you. 4. The Importance of Completeness and Work Accuracy In almost every line of work it is important if not critical that work be done accurately. Yet, there is a significant portion of the population fo r whom excellence, accuracy and attention to detail do not come naturally. The methodology corrects this and opens a critical doorway to career advancement. According to * The responsibilities of the Architect As the prime design professional, the architect assumes primary contractual responsibility to the owner for accuracy and completeness of the work of architect’s consultants.If something goes wrong, the architect can be held contractually liable to the owner for services improperly perform their services in accordance with applicable standards of professional practice, and failure to do so may result in their liability to injured parties. However, their failure to meet the standard of care may also make the architect contractually liable to the owner. The architectural profession has changed dramatically in recent years due to technological advancements. Computers and other electronic devices have improved the speed and accuracy of design and provided convenience for arc hitects.Despite these developments, there are some traditional tools that are still widely used in the architectural profession. Architects should be comfortable utilizing technology as well as more traditional methods of design. * Tools can be use of Architects to make their work accurate and complete: a. Computers Most architects work extensively with computers, using them to develop design ideas or draft construction documents using computer-aided design (CAD) software. Word processing software is used to write specifications, proposals and other documents. b. Large Format Printers or PlottersArchitects typically work with large-format drawings on 24 by 36-inch or larger paper. Most architectural firms have their own large-format printers or plotters to print and copy computer-generated drawings. c. Digital Photography Digital cameras enable an architect to document existing site conditions for future reference or for use in presentation images. Photographs help the architect rem ember important site characteristics that will influence the design. d. Measuring Devices Architects use measuring tapes or laser measuring tools to take accurate measurements on site, ensuring that their designs are accurate and feasible.An architectural scale, a type of ruler, is used for measuring scaled construction documents, or to scale down real-world measurements to a size that will fit on paper. e. Sketching Materials Even with computer software advancements, it is often quicker and easier for an architect to carry a sketchbook to jot down important notes and brainstorm design ideas as they occur. Tracing paper is still commonly used to sketch design modifications over existing drawings. f. Manual Drafting Tools CAD technology has almost completely replaced manual drafting, but some architects still prefer to draw by hand.Most architectural schools still teach manual drafting as a required skill. A drafting board, parallel rule, triangles, compass, drafting pencils and inki ng pens are some commonly used tools for hand drafting. ——————————————– [ 2 ]. http://www. di. net/articles/archive/3229/Professional_and_Ethics_in_Architectural-Education_DesignIntelligence. htm Nov. 3, 2011 [ 3 ]. ARCHITECT’S NATIONAL CODE, UAP DOC. 200, CODE OF EHTICAL CONDUCT, 1979. [ 4 ]. Importance of Punctuality in work,www. oppapers. com/essays/Importance-Of-Punctuality/194688

The True History of the 3 Hole Punch and Its Inventor

The True History of the 3 Hole Punch and Its Inventor SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The hole punch was actually invented decades before it became a staple of modern offices. Read this guide to learn more about hole punch history, why the original inventor of the hole punch was contested, and how the hole punch has evolved over the centuries. Who Invented the Hole Punch? Who's the original hole punch history inventor? There were two original types of hole punches, and they were created for many of the same reasons hole punches are still used today. One type was used to punch a single hole in tickets to show they’d been used, and the other was used punch identical holes in paper to make it easier to keep them organized in a ring binder. For such a straightforward tool, hole punch history actually has some controversy. Three men registered patents for hole punches around the same time. Friedrich Soennecken Soennecken was a German entrepreneur who invented a number of things, including a new type of ink container, a style of calligraphy, and a pen nib. In 1886, he also invented the ring binder, and soon after, on November 14th, 1886, he registered a patent for a â€Å"paper hole maker for folders,† or what he called a Papierlocher fà ¼r Zammelmappen. His hole punch was placed on a desk and used a lever to punch two holes into paper. The paper could then easily be placed in the ring binder. Benjamin Smith About a year and a half before Soennecken filed for his hole punch patent, on February 24th, 1885, American Benjamin Smith received a US patent for a somewhat similar tool known as the Conductor’s Punch. Although Smith received his patent before Soennecken, he is sometimes not seen as the original inventor of the hole punch because his invention differed significantly from the three-hole punch often seen in offices today. Smith’s invention was handheld and used to metal pieces connected to a spring to punch a single hole in paper. It also included a receptacle to hold the small circles of paper it cut out. The Conductor’s Punch was used to by railway conductors to punch holes in train tickets (hence its name). Charles Brooks In 1893, American Charles Brooks received a patent for the Ticket Punch, an invention similar to Smith’s Conductor’s Punch. Both had a similar design, but Brooks’ Ticket Punch had a larger receptacle to hold paper cuttings, and the receptacle was also removable. Brooks is actually more well-known for a different patent he received, for a street sweeper. The street sweeper remains in use today, relatively unchanged from his original invention. So who is the real inventor of the hole punch? Most people label either Friedrich Soennecken or Benjamin Smith as the â€Å"father† of the hole punch. Soennecken supporters say that, because his invention is much closer to the modern-day three hole punch, he is the original inventor, while Smith supporters say that, because he received the first patent for a hole punch invention, he is the original inventor. For what it’s worth, when Google decided to celebrate the 131st anniversary of the invention of the hole punch, they based the anniversary off the date that Soennecken received his patent, a decision that received mixed opinions online. How Has the Hole Punch Evolved? The original hole punch designs are still used widely today, with only minor modifications. However, other hole punches have been developed in the 20th and 21st centuries. These include three- and four-hole punches, hole punches that can punch through thicker materials such as cloth or thin metal sheets, hole punches that cut different shapes such as stars or hearts for crafters, and electric hole punches. Summary: 3-Hole Punch History The hole punch history spans several centuries and countries. The first hole punch inventor was American Benjamin Smith who, in 1885, developed a handheld device that was used to punch a single hole in train tickets. German Friedrich Soennecken is widely seen as the first inventor of the three-hole punch, which he received a patent for in 1886. Since then, the basic design of hole punches hasn’t changed all that much, but new features have been added as they continue to be widely used in offices and homes across the world. What's Next? Have you heard the stories ofcamel spiders being fearsome, deadly predators?Is there any truth to those tales? Learn which camel spider myths should be debunked by reading our guide! What is Stockholm syndrome?Is it actually a real condition? We explain everything you should know about Stockholm syndrome and analyze famous cases. Love to draw?We've compiled 100 of the best easy drawing ideas to spark your creativity!